Saud: The Journal of Commerce, Management and Economics is firmly committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and integrity. We expect all authors submitting their manuscripts to adhere strictly to ethical publishing practices.

Authors must ensure that their submissions are original, unpublished, and not under consideration elsewhere. Any form of libellous content must be avoided, and appropriate consent must be obtained for any references to identifiable individuals or organisations.

All submissions to the journal are subject to editorial screening and plagiarism detection software to verify the originality of content. The journal actively monitors for violations of ethical standards, including but not limited to:

• Plagiarism
• Self-plagiarism
• Simultaneous or dual submission
• Data fabrication or falsification
• Undisclosed conflicts of interest

The editorial team will handle all allegations of ethical misconduct seriously and in accordance with the guidelines and procedures. If ethical violations are identified at any stage, the editorial board reserves the right to reject the submission, withdraw an accepted manuscript, or issue a retraction notice for published articles found to be in breach of ethical standards.

We are committed to promoting transparency, integrity, and accountability in all aspects of scholarly publishing, and we expect our contributors to uphold the same values.

Saud: The Journal of Commerce, Management and Economics follows a blind peer-review process to ensure the highest standards of academic quality, objectivity, and integrity. All submitted manuscripts undergo initial editorial screening and are then sent to qualified reviewers with expertise in the relevant subject areas.

Each manuscript is evaluated by at least two independent reviewers who are requested to provide constructive, unbiased, and timely feedback. The identity of both the author(s) and the reviewers is kept confidential throughout the review process.

A.    Review Criteria

Reviewers are requested to consider the following aspects while evaluating a manuscript:

1. Clarity of Research Focus
   • Has the author identified a relevant issue either by introducing the subject effectively or by articulating a clear research question?
2. Literature Review
   • Is the cited literature relevant and adequate to contextualize the research?
   • Are there significant works the author has overlooked and should be referred to?
3. Data Usage
   • If data is used, has it been appropriately sourced and acknowledged?
4. Analytical Framework
   • Is the analytical framework applied consistent and logically structured?
5. Discussion of Findings
   • Are the findings discussed in an insightful and meaningful way?
6. Conclusions and Recommendations
   • Are the conclusions and suggestions drawn logically from the analysis?
7. Referencing Style
   • Are in-text citations and references correctly formatted as per the required referencing style? (Note: We follow APA 7th edition referencing format)
8. Language and Presentation
   • Does the manuscript require significant editing or polishing for language and clarity?

B.     Review Outcome

Based on the reviewers’ recommendations, the editorial team may make one of the following decisions:

• Accept
• Accept with Minor Revisions
• Revise and Resubmit (Major Revisions Required)
• Reject

The final decision rests with the Editorial Board, which reserves the right to make necessary editorial changes to improve clarity and readability while preserving the integrity of the content.

We sincerely appreciate the time and effort invested by our reviewers in maintaining the academic quality and ethical standards of Saud: The Journal of Commerce, Management and Economics.

All copyrights of the manuscripts published in Saud: The Journal of Commerce, Management and Economics shall rest with the Editorial Board of the journal. Upon acceptance, authors are required to formally transfer the copyright of their manuscript to the board.

By submitting their work, authors must certify that they have complied with all copyright requirements related to the content used—whether directly or indirectly—including text, data, images, tables, and figures.

The responsibility for the views, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the manuscripts (such as research papers, articles, case studies, etc.) lies entirely with the respective author(s). These views do not necessarily represent those of the member of editorial board.